In June 1790, I attended an extraordinary dinner. Through a tear in the fabric of time, I found myself seated at a small table with three revolutionary figures: Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison. While the dinner itself was real, it was reconstructed by author Charles A. Cerami in Dinner at Mr. Jefferson’s. Even if the precise words spoken...

CONTEMPT—Raw, in-your-face, unapologetic, and morally bankrupt. Every so often, the country reaches a point where character is not an abstraction but a requirement. We’re in one of those moments now. The country’s cynicism level has reached DEFCON 1. You can feel it in the way the culture has shifted. You can see it in how some treat once-trusted institutions with...

John Gilbert Winant was one of the rarest of figures in public life: a three-term Republican governor from New Hampshire whose leadership wasn’t calculated but instinctive; a public servant who treated humility as a strength, and a diplomat who put principle ahead of political convenience. Yet for all the steadiness he gave to others, he struggled to find a place...

Moments of character often define a person—sometimes even a nation. I first came across Senator Ross’s story when reading President Kennedy’s Profiles in Courage. What I discovered was that political courage was as difficult then as it is today. Throughout our history, politicians have faced those defining moments when principle collides with pressure, when conscience demands both courage and character....

The measure of a public servant isn’t how tightly they hold onto power, but how faithfully they hold their integrity when the pressure to bend is greatest. Few can withstand the pressure; fewer still have the character and courage to act. In October 1973, amid the growing Watergate scandal, Attorney General Elliot Richardson faced a test that would ultimately define...

In every generation, there are a few public servants who stand as reminders of what political courage truly means. George W. Norris, the five-term Republican U.S. Senator from Nebraska, was one of them—a man who placed principle above party and conscience above convenience. His long career was defined not by ambition or allegiance, but by an unshakable devotion to fairness,...

In a letter to the Danbury Baptists in 1802, Thomas Jefferson wrote, “Believing with you that religion is a matter which lies solely between Man & his God … I contemplate with sovereign reverence … thus building a wall of separation between Church & State.” In my commentary, “When Power Rewrote the Message” (July 17), I opened with this question:...

It is the First Amendment that allows President Donald Trump to repeatedly say he won the 2020 election—when, in fact, he did not. It is the First Amendment that permitted Donald Trump to call those who attacked the Capitol on January 6, 2021, “patriots.” That same Amendment allowed the president to say COVID-19 would “disappear, like a miracle.” It is...

UPDATE AT THE END OF THIS COMMENTARY  I said I would ease up on writing about Trump, and I meant it. Yet the president’s recent actions have been too blatant, too corrosive, to let pass without comment. Eight months into his second term, Donald Trump continues to show that his goal is not to bring Americans together, but to drive...

French philosopher Voltaire once observed, “Common sense is not so common.” Thomas Paine trusted it anyway and helped inspire a revolution built on it. In January 1776, Thomas Paine published Common Sense, a pamphlet that spoke in plain, direct language ordinary colonists could understand. English by birth, Paine became an extraordinary patriot. His words cut through chaos at one of...